Petnica Students' Science Conference

Author: Ivan Simić (1987), 4th grade Valjevo high school, Valjevo

Abstract: In this paper I aim to provide information on the organization of “Youth Brigades” (омладинскa бригада) and lives of young people who took part in “Youth Work Actions” (омладинскa раднa акција) between 1976 and 1982, focusing particularly on Grocka Municipality. I analysed preparations of the Youth Brigades for Work Actions and their representations at Youth Organization Members Pages of Grocka Newspapers (Омладинскa странa Грочанских новина) with special attention to the activities and lives of Youth Organization members at the concrete Work Actions, as well as the organisation of local Work Actions at Grocka Municipality. The paper gives insight into social lives of youths who took part at Work Actions.

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radne akcije.pdf188.47 KB



Author: Aleksandar Kostić (1988), 3rd grade XIII Belgrade high school, Belgrade

Abstract: Given name is the first token of identity one gets in one’s life and, in most cases, it remains unchanged throughout one’s lifetime (Marković and Mraković-Ćurčija 1999). In addition to direct mention of certain virtues in a name, naming someone after another person or event is also frequent. The third factor that can inspire one’s name are the circumstances in which the name has been given. Due to the latter two factors, given names may be perceived as a projection of social and political circumstances in a society.
Very few social history researches dwell on given names. Historiography works relevant to Serbian given names include: “The Influence of Social and Political Circumstances on Choice of Given Names (anthroponomical system) in Belgrade 1919-1996” by B. Aleksov and “Yugoslav and Serbian Identity of Belgrade Citizens as Reflected through Personal Given Names” by P. J. Marković and M. Mraković-Ćurčija.
Sample in this research was 14,496 given names from birth registries of the Savski Venac municipality for the January 1, 1935-June 28, 1948 period. Data was analyzed using the content analysis method with ‘name’ as the coding unit.
After World War II and subsequent socialist revolution, the legal system underwent a full overhaul. Among the other changes, new legislation transferred competences regarding birth registers from the Church to municipalities and allowed free choice of given names. As a result of these changes, many new names appeared in the researched population after the May 9, 1946.
Names that include morpheme “war” were significantly more frequent during the World War II, especially in the first months after it started in Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941, but thinned out once again after the war. The most frequent names connected with peace were Vladimir (male name) and Mirjana (female name). Name Mirjana became highly frequent after the beginning of World War II to become even more frequent during the war. After the war, its frequency declined, but remained higher than before the war. The situation with name Vladimir was slightly different. War bore no influence on this name while it lasted, but only after the liberation of Yugoslavia on May 15, 1945. After this increase, the frequency of this name continued higher than before and during the war. The trend of giving names derived from word “freedom” was almost the same as that for the name Mirjana. The only difference was a greater spread of names derived from word “freedom” after the liberation of Belgrade on October 20, 1944.
Names inspired by personages or historical events are very rare in Belgrade, but they continue to play a very important role owing to fact that they directly testify to the circumstances in the observed period. A great influence of culture and propaganda on the population may be noted by observing data relating to name Slavica. In the year after the first Yugoslav-produced post-World War II film - “Slavica” - became a hit, the name Slavica was given 34 times in Savski Venac, whereas only two girls were thus named in the preceding twelve years.
This research should be continued by examining the correlation of the influence of World War II on given names and different social surroundings. Data on the parents’ profession can be used for that purpose. Conducting this research in the municipality of Čukarica would increase the relevance of the results because of the dissimilar social structure compared to Savski Venac in the observed period.

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Uticaj Drugog svetskog rata na licna imena u Beogradu (Konferencija).pdf258.31 KB



Author: Marija Đokić (1986), 4th grade XII Belgrade high school, Belgrade; Maja Džundeva (1986), 4th grade DSU Georgi Dimitrov, Skopje

Abstract: The aim of this research is to compare the social characteristics of fantasy game players in Belgrade and Skopje by analysing demographic and socio-economic characteristics, relations among the players and the players’ relations to the games. Fantasy games gained popularity in 1973 when the game Dungeons & Dragons was introduced. There are three types of fantasy games: trading card games, role playing games and board games (including collectable miniature games). The expansion of these games in Belgrade started in the early eighties of the twentieth century. The same happened in Skopje but a decade later.
The research was conducted using a questionnaire given to 135 people, 85 in Belgrade and 50 in Skopje. The sample was appropriate. The subjects were asked to answer 19 questions concerning: age, sex, place of birth, place of residence, ethnicity, religion, life occupation, father’s occupation, education, employment, relations among players, players’ gaming habits (frequency and duration of playing, ways of informing about the games, favourite game), preferred music style and interest in science fiction. Statistical software package, SPSS, was used in data analysis. Results regarding ethnicity and religion had been compared to the corresponding ones from the latest population census in Serbia and Macedonia.
It had been assumed that the subjects in Belgrade and Skopje would differ in fewer aspects and would be very similar in the majority of them. When it comes to place of birth and place of residence, the results show that the fantasy games are played locally. However, compared to the Macedonian national census held in 2002, the lack of subjects with non-Macedonian ethnic affiliation was noticed among the subjects interviewed in Skopje. The fact that the majority of subjects are orthodox corresponds to the results of Serbian and Macedonian national census. However, a fairly large percent of atheists was noticed among interviewed players (39% in Belgrade and 29% in Skopje). This differs from the censuses’ results by which there is 1,47% of atheists in Belgrade, and less then 2,44% in Skopje. In spite of this great difference, these results must be taken with some reserve. The reason for a large number of interviewed atheists can be players’ age or high level of education. So, it would be wrong to assume atheism as a general characteristic of fantasy players.
The majority of subjects from both cities is male and goes to science-oriented secondary schools and universities; the employed subjects have university education. Accordingly, the large number of the examinees in Belgrade and Skopje belong to the high social class. The results showed that almost all of the subjects socialize which corresponds to the fact that the most of them heard about these games from a friend. The subjects were interested in different types of music and almost all of them were interested in science fiction.
Observing other variables, few differences can be found. The results indicate that the subjects in Belgrade are in average older that the ones in Skopje. This is related to the fact that the examinees in Belgrade had been playing these games longer than the ones in Skopje. Furthermore, there are some differences in players’ gaming habits. The subjects in Belgrade play fantasy games more often and prefer playing board games while those in Skopje mainly play trading card games. In summary, there are no significant differences in social structure between fantasy game players in Skopje and Belgrade.

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Fantazijske igre.pdf295.2 KB
Fantazijske igre poster.pdf341.87 KB



Author: Ivan Simić (1987), 4th grade Valjevo high school, Valjevo

Abstract: The paper explores development of the industry and urban infrastructure and its influences to the changes in employment and social structure in Valjevo municipality between 1975 and 1990. The study shows intensive industry development that was supported with the intensive building of the town’s infrastructure. Economy was exclusively based on the industry which created employment problems for the people with the higher education. There was also a problem of women’s employment, although the local government tried to introduce certain strategies in order to overcome it. However, overall unemployment rate in the municipality was lower than the average unemployment rate in Yugoslavia, since the industry managed to keep the high production rate.

Rapid industry development from the early 1970s till the late 1980s required the housing solution for the growing number of the factory workers which led to the fast building of the infrastructure and change in the social structure of the town. The main change was the huge reduction of the rural population which created problems in agriculture. The local government tried to solve this problem in accordance to state policy that tried to modernise agriculture production, but the projects failed and agricultural production remained low. State farms were favoured, although they occupied only 2.5% of total agricultural land, which stimulated further migration from the rural to urban environment.

Translated by MA Marina Simic

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Industrijalizacija urbanizacija poster.pdf599.79 KB
industrijalizacija.pdf315.62 KB



Author: Marko Simendić (1985), 4th grade Philological high school, Belgrade

Abstract: The aim of this research is to show how the war and social, political and economic crisis are reflected on the specialized magazines which are not dealing with the above mentioned subjects.

Methodological approach
„Svet kompjutera” (The Computer World), the oldest Serbian magazine dealing with computer technologies was chosen as a pattern of the research. The magazine has been publishing since 1984. It’s a monthly one. The period from 1997 to 2002 has been investigated. This period seems to be the crucial one, regarding the purposes of the research. It is not only marked by the war but also by the economic crisis resulting changes on Serbian political scene. The initial phase of investigation consisted of gathering materials as well as a narrow examination of the archives. At the same time the contents were classified, but taking into account how extensive is the term of society it wasn’t easy to find one unique criterion for selection of contents. That’s the reason why the dominating social circumstances of that time made criterion for investigation. Selected were those contents which could give any figure about economic and political circumstances in FRY. After that, the contents were classified according to subject maters relationship. The comparative method, based on statistics has been used to recognize possible regularities between the social circumstances in Serbia and the appearing of corresponding texts.

Results and discussion
It was realized that economic situation could be followed through texts about development of Internet, domestic software, manifestations related to information technologies. The war has been followed through texts about simulation of combat airplanes, weapons on the Internet, media war, computer components and Internet gaming. Relating to political situation, articles dealing with legislature, as well as critique of the situation in Yugoslavia were analized.

Conclusion
According to the research, the texts in a specialized magazine are influenced by the social circumstances. This conclusion is based on fact that every magazine follows topicalities within its fields being in this way objects of projection of cause-consequence relationship between social relations and human activities. As a result of this, the dominating social relations can be monitored through the writing of specialized magazine. The reason for this kind of aproach lies in the fact that writing of this kind of magazine is hardly to be influenced by censorship, due to a fairly small number of readers and a narrow set of topics. However, a specialized magazine as a source of research may fail to provide information about those social relations that aren't dominating at a given time. There are better ways to investigate these relations, using other kinds of publications and document as a source, providing that they were not being subjected to censorship.

Translated by Ljiljana Glišović

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Odraz drustvenih prilika.pdf293.51 KB


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